A jövő árvízi biztonsága

Bíró, Tibor

Tóth, Ferenc

árvízi kockázat

hullámtér

differenciált biztonság

árvízi reziliencia

flood risk

floodplain

differentiated safety

flood resilience

Természettudományok

Természettudományok/Környezettudományok

Az éghajlati és a területhasználatban bekövetkezett változások miatt folyamatosan nő az árvízi kockázat. Az eddig alkalmazott árvízvédelmi megoldások helyett sokkal nagyobb hangsúlyt kell fektetni a vízgyűjtő területek rendezésére és a nagyvízi medrek kezelésére. Az árvízvédelem jelenlegi fejlettségi szintje mellett az elkövetkező évtizedekben elképesztő mértékben kellene növelni az árvízmentési kapacitásokat, ugyanakkor a jól átgondolt árvízmentesítési feladatok ütemezett végrehajtásával a kapacitásbővítések kordában tarthatók. A sikeres árvízi kockázatkezelés feltétele, hogy a koncepció céljai integrálódjanak az egyes szakpolitikákba, különösen az agrárpolitikába, a természetvédelembe, a környezetvédelembe, a területfejlesztésbe és a katasztrófavédelembe.

Changes in climate and land use have led to a steady increase in flood risk. Instead of the flood protection solutions applied so far, much more emphasis needs to be placed on river basin and floodplain management. At the current level of development of flood control, the increase in rescue capacity in the coming decades would be staggering, but with well-planned implementation of flood management tasks, capacity increases can be kept under control. Success- ful flood risk management requires that the objectives of the concept are integrated into policies, in particular agri- cultural policy, nature conservation, environmental protection, rural development and disaster management. From a flood management point of view, Hungary is the balancing reservoir of the Danube basin, and our flood storage capacity is much higher than our drainage capacity. Consequently, our exposure to upstream countries is particularly high. Flood protection safety standards need to be reformulated, moving from defensive action against hazards to risk management, and adapting the use of flood-prone areas to the existing hazards. The flood hazard and risk mapping developed and continuously improved in recent years not only provides a good basis for this, but also almost forces the introduction of differentiated protection. While the term future flood safety refers to a long-term state, strategy and set of measures to ensure that the population, infrastructure, economic and natural assets of a given region – in this case the Carpathian Basin – are exposed to as little flood risk as possible in the future. This notion does not only mean physical protection, but also resilience, forecasting, spatial and urban planning, and even social and institutional preparedness. Increasing flood resilience, preparing for increased flood risks and increasing the resilience of society as a whole is of key importance. This is also important as the National Security Strategy identifies major floods and extensive inland flooding as prior- ity security risks, as well as other natural disasters such as prolonged periods of drought, heat and cold waves, violent storms, destructive forest or vegetation fires. In this context, improving social preparedness and awareness, increasing citizens’ participation and confidence, building on local experience and maintaining the achievements of the past are the objectives for the present and the future. It is clear that the future of flood safety depends on the actions of today, which are fundamentally determined by the behaviour of society.

info:eu-repo/semantics/other

application/pdf

nke:2732-2688

http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12944/109782

nke:10.1556/112.2025.00281

nke:36913565

nke:10061823

nke:Scientia et Securitas

nke:6

nke:1-2

nke:SCI SEC

LOMS: https://tudasportal.uni-nke.hu/xmlui/bitstream/20.500.12944/109782/1/a_jovo_arvizi_biztonsaga.pdf

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess