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This study focuses on developing and optimizing microstrip bandpass filters operating at 2.4 GHz, utilizing FR4, RT/Duroid 5880, and Rogers 3210 substrates. Essential design parameters such as coupling coefficient, external quality factor, and fractional bandwidth were optimized. Electromagnetic simulations conducted in ANSYS HFSS refined the filter performance, followed by fabrication and experimental validation using a vector network analyzer. Measured results closely matched simulated data, confirming design precision. A comparative assessment examined insertion loss, return loss, and bandwidth across different materials. The impact of dielectric properties on efficiency and compactness was analyzed, ensuring suitability for Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and ISM band communication applications.
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