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Atomic swaps are crucial for trustless cryptocurrency transactions between different blockchains, yet they currently face several challenges in terms of security and usability. The complexity of communication processes and cryptographic primitives in existing protocols means that many cannot be quickly reviewed, or the reviewing is too difficult, lacking appropriate formal methods for model verification. These issues hinder the scalability of blockchain technology and limit its broader adoption, potentially suppressing innovation in decentralized financial systems and applications. This paper models Adaptor signatures, which are used to realize Point Time-Locked Contracts (PTLC) atomic swaps, based on the Dolev-Yao model. This paper proposes a standard atomic swap formal verification model based on its cryptographic primitives and uses Finite State Automata (FSA) to verify the communication protocol's workflow in the UPPAAL tool, summarizing how to securely and effectively conduct atomic swap protocols. Secure and efficient atomic swap protocols will promote the scalability of blockchain technology, encourage wider adoption, and aid in the development of more efficient cross-chain transactions.
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