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SUMMARY
Based on literature data, the authors present the central role of Kupffer cells as
resident liver macrophages in the regulation of hepatic inflammatory response
and metabolic processes. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) type endotoxins originated
from Gram negative bacteria causing enteric infections, may trigger inflammation
in the liver via the mediation of Kupffer cells, which is of special importance
in the veterinary medicine, as well. Kupffer cells are being activated by binding
LPS to cell surface receptors, stimulating pro-inflammatory cytokine, eicosanoid
and chemokine production, thus regulating the systemic immune response. The
authors showed that according to recent studies, the function of Kupffer cells
could be affected by alterations of lipid homeostasis, and Kupffer cells are playing
pivotal role in the pathogenesis of hepatic lipidosis. Furthermore, Kupffer
cells are highly involved in the complex regulation of metabolic processes, being
potent effectors of insulin sensitivity, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism as key
cells in immunometabolic interactions.
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