„Deákok” (parasztkántorok) moldvai magyar falvakban

Peasant Cantors (“deaks”) in the Hungarian Villages of Moldavia

Tánczos, Vilmos

Csetri Élek

Dávid Gyula

Faragó József

Mócsy László

Erdélyi Múzeum-Egyesület

2013-01-16T10:18:53Z

2013-01-16T10:18:53Z

1995

1995

katolikus egyház

csángók

misszionáriusok

vallásgyakorlat

kántor

At present there are about a quarter of a million Catholic csangos living in Moldavia at different stages of ethnic and linguistic assimilation. Regarding their origin, they are all of Hungarian descent, but today only about one third of them speak Hungarian. This is mainly due to the lack of public worship conducted in their mother tongue. During the Middle Ages the religious life of these Catholics was supervised by the Hungarian kings, then beginning from 1622 foreign (Italian, Bosnian, Croatian, Polish) priests were sent here by the missionary organization called De Propaganda Fidei which had its center in Rome. But these priests were always too few and they didn't even speak the language of their congregation. At the end of the XIX. century a Roman Catholic Episcopacy and Theology was founded in Iasi but these institutions have served the Romanian nationalism up to the present day: the priests educated in Iasi forbid the use of Hungarian in Moldavia. The official leaders and the priests have never spoken to the Hungarians living in Moldavia in their mother tongue. Still the language of private worship remained Hungarian until the middle of the XX. century. This folk religiousness was directed by so called “deaks”, peasant cantors who could read and write and knew the songs and prayers that these people used. As priests could very rarely go to one village or another, these “deaks” were the ones who prayed together with the people in church on Sundays, sang funeral songs, taught their children and lead their pilgrimages, etc. They had regular contacts with the Hungarian Catholics from Transsylvania and had an important role in the preservation of the mother tongue. This is why in the XX. century the official church together with the state liquidated this institution. The old “deaks” were banished from the churches and their prayer and songbooks were confiscated, finally they were not allowed to pray in Hungarian even at funerals at private houses.

82-98 old.

magyar

magyar

angol

article

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http://hdl.handle.net/10598/25222

Erdélyi Múzeum-Egyesület

Erdélyi Múzeum LVII, 1995. 3-4 füzet

Moldva

Erdélyi Múzeum-Egyesület